Quickest way to find missing number in an array of numbers

Question

This question's answers are a community effort. Edit existing answers to improve this post. It is not currently accepting new answers or interactions. I have an array of numbers from 1 to 100 (both inclusive). The size of the array is 100. The numbers are randomly added to the array, but there is one random empty slot in the array. What is the quickest way to find that slot as well as the number that should be put in the slot? A Java solution is preferable. JavaScript questions and answers, JavaScript questions pdf, JavaScript question bank, JavaScript questions and answers pdf, mcq on JavaScript pdf, JavaScript questions and solutions, JavaScript mcq Test , Interview JavaScript questions, JavaScript Questions for Interview, JavaScript MCQ (Multiple Choice Questions)

Answer 1

You can do this in O(n). Iterate through the array and compute the sum of all numbers. Now, sum of natural numbers from 1 to N, can be expressed as Nx(N+1)/2. In your case N=100. Subtract the sum of the array from Nx(N+1)/2, where N=100. That is the missing number. The empty slot can be detected during the iteration in which the sum is computed. // will be the sum of the numbers in the array. int sum = 0; int idx = -1; for (int i = 0; i < arr.length; i++) { if (arr[i] == 0) { idx = i; } else { sum += arr[i]; } } // the total sum of numbers between 1 and arr.length. int total = (arr.length + 1) * arr.length / 2; System.out.println("missing number is: " + (total - sum) + " at index " + idx);