Tableau Data Extracts are snapshots of data optimized for aggregation and loaded into system memory to be quickly recalled for visualization.
Example: Hospitals that monitor incoming patient data need to make real-time decisions.
Live connections offer the convenience of real-time updates, with any changes in the data source reflected in Tableau.
Example: Hospitals need to monitor the patient’s weekly or monthly trends that require data extracts.
When you create an extract of the data, Tableau doesn't need access to the database to build the visualization, so processing is faster.
If you have a Tableau server, the extract option can be set to a refresh schedule to be updated.